Different reactions take place with different rates. The branch of physical chemistry that deals with the study of rate of chemical reaction is called chemical kinetics. During chemical reaction, concentration of reactants decreases while that of product increases. Thus, the…
Halo-alkanes
Halo-alkanes are one of the most widely used and important hydrocarbons. When one or more hydrogen atoms of hydrocarbon are replaced by halogen, then the hydrocarbon is called halo-alkane. It is represented by the general formula R-X, where R is…
Theories Related To Acid and Base
There are different theories which help to determine whether a substance is an acid or base. The major and generally accepted theories are given below: 1. Arrhenius Theory According to Arrhenius theory, acid is a chemical substance which gives hydrogen…
Different Grades of Purity of Alcohol
Alcohols are one of the widely used organic compounds. They are the organic compounds which contain hydroxyl (-OH) group as their functional groups. In other words, alcohols can be defined as the hydroxyl derivative of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Alcohols are represented…
Indicators and Titration Curves
Indicators are the chemical substances which are used to determine the end points of titrations. Methyl orange, phenolphthalein, starch solution, erichrome black-T are some examples of indicators. Indicators are used in acid-base titration and have different colours in acidic and…
Benzene and Its Preparation
Benzene is a cyclic compound which consists of six carbon atoms where there is presence of alternate double bonds and single bonds. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon which consists of six carbon atoms where there is presence of alternate double…
Hybridization
The formation of certain molecules involving Carbon, Boron, Beryllium etc. cannot be explained satisfactorily on the basis of VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) Theory. Hence, a new concept called hybridization is developed to explain the shape of these molecules…
Primary Standard Substance and Normality Factor
Primary Standard Substance The solution having known concentration is called standard solution. The substance whose standard solution can be prepared directly by dissolving required amount of the substance in definite volume of solution is called primary standard substance and the…
Concentration of Solution
Concentration of a solution can be simply defined as the measure of the relative proportions of two or more quantities of substances in a mixture. There are different ways for finding out the concentration of solution. Some of them are…
VSEPR Theory
Chemistry is a vast subject. This is the branch of science that deals with the study of different chemicals, elements, compounds etc. We can find huge number of laws, theories and hypothesis in this subject. Some of them are Dalton’s…
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